The Five Rules of μι verbs (anthematic)
The Five Rules of μι verbs (anthematic)
-
μι verbs reduplicate in
the present - the initial stem letter separated by
iota: δο -> διδο -> διδωμι
-
μι verbs do not
ordinarily use a connecting vowel in the indicative (ie are athematic)
-
μι verbs use three
different personal endings in the present active indicative
1st singular: διδωμι, 3 singular: διδωσι(ν), 3 plual διδόασι(ν)
-
μι verb stem vowels can
lengthen, shorten or drop out (ablaut)
-
Most μι verbs use
κα in the aorist (kappa aorists)
|
|
Present Indicative Active: four different examples of μι verbs
Present Indicative Active: examples
| Alpha Class
ἵστημι
Root Stem: στα
Stem: ἱστα
To stand |
Epsilon Class
τίθημι
Root Stem: θε
Stem: τιθε
To put |
Omicron Class
δίδωμι
Root Stem: δο
Stem: διδο
To give |
Upsilon Class
δείκνυμι
Root Stem: δεικ
Stem: δεικνυ
To show |
1st |
ἵστημι |
τίθημι |
δίδωμι |
δείκνυμι |
2nd |
ἵστης |
τίθης |
δίδως |
δεικνύεις |
3rd |
ἵστησι(ν) |
τίθησι(ν) |
δίδωσι(ν) |
δείκνυσι(ν) |
1st |
ἵσταμεν |
τίθεμεν |
δίδομεν |
δείκνυμεν |
2nd |
ἵστατε |
τίθετε |
δίδοτε |
δείκνυτε |
3rd |
ἱστᾶσι(ν) |
τιθέασι(ν) |
διδόασι(ν) |
δεικνύασι(ν) |
The stem is the present stem. Note the 3rd person singular form of δείκνυμι |
|
Future Indicative Active: four different examples of μι verbs
The μι verbs in future tense use the aorist stem, that is, the root stem so that the endings are exactly the same as they are on the future tense forms of λύω. Note also root stem δεικ has the sigma future morph to it so the kappa transforms into the double consonant xi (ξ).
Future Indicative Active: examples
|
Alpha Class
ἵστημι
Root Stem: στα
Stem: ἱστα
To stand |
Epsilon Class
τίθημι
Root Stem: θε
Stem: τιθε
To put |
Omicron Class
δίδωμι
Root Stem: δο
Stem: διδο
To give |
Upsilon Class
δείκνυμι
Root Stem: δεικ
Stem: δεικνυ
To show |
1st |
στήσω |
θήσω |
δώσω |
δείξω |
2nd |
στήσεις |
θήσεις |
δώσεις |
δείξεις |
3rd |
στήσει |
θήσει |
δώσει |
δείξει |
1st |
στήσομεν |
θήσομεν |
δώσομεν |
δείξομεν |
2nd |
στήσετε |
θήσετε |
δώσετε |
δείξετε |
3rd |
στήσουσι(ν) |
θήσουσι(ν) |
δώσουσι(ν) |
δείξουσι(ν) |
|
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NOTE WELL: These pages do not replace texts by professional Greek Scholars. They are a summary of basic grammar for use by the Author. The Author makes no warranties of any kind, either express or implied, as to the accuracy or completement of the information provided.
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